Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the fundamental building blocks of our circulatory system, giving rise to all blood cell types, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. HSCs play a key role in our understanding of complex biological processes and are involved in life-saving treatments such as bone marrow transplants and emerging gene therapies. As a cornerstone of regenerative medicine, HSCs hold immense promise for treating blood disorders, cancers, and immune system diseases.