A study led by researchers from IMDEA Networks and Carlos III University of Madrid (UC3M) has carried out the first large-scale analysis of the volatility, content and actual infrastructure of hidden websites on the so-called dark web. This work was among the recipients of the 2025–2026 Spanish Police Foundation Research Awards, which recognize scientific research that contributes to ensuring public safety and protecting citizens’ rights and freedoms.
Dark web survey reveals Tor is smaller, shakier and more duplicated than expected
